The invention relates to refractometry. The device for measuring the refractive index of biological media contains an optical-mechanical unit for forming incident radiation, an element of total internal reflection with a mirror coating on the surface, a matching optical system and a radiation receiver. According to the invention, for registration of diffusely scattered light, the element of total internal reflection is made in the form of an ellipsoidal reflector of optically transparent material, orthogonally truncated along the focal planes. The lower focal plane of the reflector is located at the boundary of its contact with the sample of biological medium under study, and the upper one is optically conjugated with the radiation receiver. The invention provides measurement of the refractive index of biological media in the reflected light in the experiment in vivo, in situ, in vitro, taking into account diffuse scattering
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